Man Eaters of Tsavo - 1447 Words

The Man-Eaters of Tsavo The drive to colonize the continent of Africa in the 19th centuries brought the European imperial powers against difficulties which had never been encountered before. One such difficulty is that of the local wildlife in Africa, such as lions or other big game animals. In The Man-Eaters of Tsavo, by Colonel John Patterson, a railway bridge project in East Africa is terrorized by a pair of man-eating lions. This completely true story shows the great difficulty in colonizing Africa by demonstrating the somewhat harsh environment of Africa. The story begins with Col. John Patterson arriving in Mombassa in March of 1898 on the East African coast. All Patterson knows is that he is supposed to help with the†¦show more content†¦An owl mistakes Patterson for a branch of a tree and bumps into him. The lion then tries to attack, but Patterson is able to get a shot off and wounds the lion. Patterson follows the lion and manages to get another hit, thusly b ringing down the lion. The lion dies out in the brush, and then is taken back to the camp where it is skinned. The other lion is killed roughly two weeks later, taking 6 shots from Patterson to finally bring the lion down after a long and difficult struggle. Upon the news of the lions being killed, the workers return to work on the railroad. The railroad reaches Nairobi shortly thereafter. This story has been put into movie format on two occasions, the most recent being The Ghost and The Darkness in 1996 starring Val Kilmer and Michael Douglas. Although this book was extremely popular when it was first published, the movies have made the story much more popular (it was my first exposure to the story of the man-eating lions). The movie does capture the basic essence of the terror caused by the lions, but doesn t follow the story as originally told by Patterson, they even create a whole new character. Overall, I enjoy the movie a great deal, but it doesn t follow the actual sto ry close enough for it to be on par with reading the book. This tale is an autobiographical account of the most famous incident of man-eating animals by the man who hunted them, Col. John

Global Process Analytical Instrument Market 2014-2018...

Analysts forecast the Global Process Analytical Instrumentation market to grow at a CAGR of 3.47 percent over the period 2013-2018. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the need to comply with stringent governmental regulations. The Global Process Analytical Instrumentation market has also been witnessing the emergence of technically advanced instruments. However, the need to offer customized instruments could pose a challenge to the growth of this market. Global Process Analytical Instrumentation Market 2014-2018, has been prepared based on an in-depth market analysis with inputs from industry experts. The report covers North America, Europe, the APAC region, and the ROW; it also covers the Global Process†¦show more content†¦Market Segmentation by Product 07.1 Global Process Chromatographs Market 07.1.1 Market Size and Forecast 07.2 Global Process Spectrophotometers Market 07.2.1 Market Size and Forecast 07.3 Global Process Liquid Analysers Market 07.3.1 Market Size and Forecast 07.4 Global Process Gas Analysers Market 07.4.1 Market Size and Forecast Complete report of 60 Pages is available @ http://www.reportsnreports.com/reports/276119-global-process-analytical-instrument-market-2014-2018.html 08. Market Segmentation by End-users 08.1 Global Process Analytical Instrumentation Market in the Chemical and Petrochemical Industry 08.1.1 Market Size and Overview 08.2 Global Process Analytical Instrumentation Market in the Oil and Gas Industry 08.2.1 Market Size and Overview 08.3 Global Process Analytical Instrumentation Market in the Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Industry 08.3.1 Market Size and Overview 08.4 Global Process Analytical Instrumentation Market in the Water and Wastewater Industry 08.4.1 Market Size and Overview 09. Geographical Segmentation 09.1 Process Analytical Instrumentation market in North America 09.1.1 Market Size and Forecast 09.2 Process Analytical Instrumentation market in Europe 09.2.1 Market Size and Forecast 09.3 Process Analytical Instrumentation market in the APAC Region 09.3.1 Market Size and Forecast 10. Buying Criteria 11. Market Growth Drivers 12. Drivers and their Impact 13. 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Franklin Delano Roosevelt The Savior of America Free Essays

It seems that everyone knows what these three simple letters mean. FDR, which stands for Franklin Delano Roosevelt, was the 32nd President of the United States, the savior of America during mid-20th century, also the hero of mine. As we all know, FDR, known as Franklin D. We will write a custom essay sample on Franklin Delano Roosevelt: The Savior of America or any similar topic only for you Order Now Roosevelt, is the only president of the United States who was elected to more than 2 terms and up to 4 terms. It’s not so hard to find out that the reason for being the one elected to 4 terms is leading the whole nation overcome the worldwide economic crisis and the World War II. In this essay, I am going to discuss how FDR leaded America pull through the economic crisis which happened in 1927 and what FDR did for fighting against the Fascists with the Allies. First of all, I would like to talk about the worldwide economic crisis. It is known to us all that the Great Depression caused by the economic crisis in 1927 destroyed the whole economy of the world, not only the United States, but also the whole Europe and some parts of Asia including Britain, France, Germany, Japan, etc. It was like a domino effect, all the countries sank into the abyss from which no one can escape. At the beginning of the Great Depression, President Herbert Hoover who was the one before Roosevelt started plenty of programs for reversing the down, but unfortunately all of those failed. Even the worse, the economy and the society turned into a worse condition, and that time became even harder either. At that time, the rate of unemployment and the rate of crime went up, whereas the standard of living went down, and so a huge number of citizens in the United States could no longer live their normal life as before. During that hard time, a lot of people became homeless and died from starvation and disease while another part of people would rather suicide themselves. Finally, Roosevelt defeated Hoover in the election of 1932 and became the 32nd president of the United States. In his Inaugural speech, he encouraged the whole nation with the words that only thing we have to fear is fear itself. And then, in his â€Å"First Hundred days† in office, he started a new series of economic programs named the New Deal which contained Relief, which aimed at protecting the poor and providing jobs to those people who was unemployed, Recovery, whose goal was recovery of the economy to normal levels, and Reform which means rebuilding the economic system to avoid a repeat depression. To support his New Deal, he also passed the Emergency Banking Relief Act, the National Industrial Recovery Act, the agricultural adjustment act, the Social Security Act, and so on which opened a new era. Because of all of those, the economy of America began to recover. That’s the evidence which can prove that it was Roosevelt who helped the United States get out of stuck. Second of all, Roosevelt also made a declaration of war with Japan which meant the United States officially participate in World War II and became a member of the Allies fighting against Germany and Japan. In fact, the United States Congress passed The Neutrality Acts in the 1930s which limited the help from the United States to aid Britain against Nazi Germany. Because of that, Roosevelt opposed the acts and tried to find various ways to assist the Allies. Before the participation of the United States, Roosevelt signed the Atlantic Charter with Winston Churchill, who was the British Prime Minister at that time, and then gave a strong financial support to both China and Britain to fight against the Fascists. On the following day when Japanese attacked on Pearl Harbor, he made a speech calling December 7, when Hawaii Operation took place, â€Å"a date which will live in infamy†. That meant it’s the end of the Neutrality Acts and the beginning of the participation of the United States. After America’s participating, the aspect of World War II has been totally changed, especially after Normandy landings. In the Pacific, The Battle of Midway became the most significant turning point in World War II which caused the cooperation between Japan and America change a lot. At last, as everybody knows, the Axis collapsed, while the Allies got victory. It’s so easy to tell that how Roosevelt contributed to the victory of Allies. While there are still some people hold a point of view that Roosevelt needs to be blamed because he had known some details about the plan that Japanese attacked on Pearl Harbor before that happened but he kept that as a secret and then he allow that tragedy happened in order to rouse the nation for participation to the war. However, the opinion is wrong because World War II was a disaster for all the human beings, while the participation of the United States let the Allies get the final victory and end the war. We should not abuse Roosevelt but thank him because he let us have a peace world. Whereas there are still some people holding another idea as Charles Dorn did that FDR did effectively eliminate one global threat – but left us with decades of cold war. I have to say what he thought is right but that is also the thing no one can avoid. Moss Roberts points out that â€Å"The empire, long divided, must unite; long united, must divide. † After defeating the same enemy – the fascist, the United States of America and the Soviet Union turned into enemies because of the different profits of two nations. Actually, the cold war is the best way to solve the problem caused by different profits, compared with wars or battles. In conclusion, Roosevelt is not only the savior of the United States but also the savior of the whole world. He saved America’s economy from the abysm and then saved the world from being destroyed by the Fascists. As the article Visit Little White House to step back into FDR’s time said, â€Å"His ‘Fireside Chats’ heard over the radio were as popular as the ‘Grand Old Opry’ or Joe Louis’ prize fights. His â€Å"So help us God† speech at the beginning of World War II pulled the nation together. Then later, when word came that he had died, grown men cried unashamedly in public beside their wives. † We can easily figure out that FDR himself and the things he did are all unforgettable to every single American who overcame that hard time. Thanks to Roosevelt, we can have a developed America; thanks to Roosevelt, we can have a peaceful world even though there are still a lot of skirmishes in the world. How to cite Franklin Delano Roosevelt: The Savior of America, Essay examples

Holocaust (1353 words) Essay Example For Students

Holocaust (1353 words) Essay HolocaustA Terrible TragedyThe human tragedy of the Holocaust was the systematic annihilation of millions of Jews by the Nazi regime during World War II. The adversity of this persecution influenced not only the European arena, but also peoples from all over the globe and their ideas. The impact caused by this ethnic cleansing was enormous. Peoples lives were drastically changed as they were persecuted and tortured. Families were taken out of their homes and forced to move to distant locations in exile. Their destinations were unknown and their future was also unsettled for they did not know what would await them. That is exactly what happened to Esther Hautzig, the writer of The Endless Steppe, when she was just a little ten-year-old girl. Esthers family, the Rudomins, was wealthy and ran a business in Vilna, Poland. They lived a happy and stable life until they were claimed to be ?capitalists and therefore enemies of the people.? Consequently, they were put on a truck that would send them to the ?Endless Steppe? of Siberia, where they would struggle to survive five long years of starvation and suffering (Hautzig 12). Esther shares her feelings with the readers throughout her book; she tells us what exactly felt like to be in a cattle car full of peasants who seemed to be handling the situation in a much better way than she and her family did. She tells us of when they get to their destination and of how she attempted to gain an education in the conditions they were subjected to. Hautzigs Endless Steppe shows us the reality of the Holocaust; it puts us to think about our matters as very small and insignificant as we read about what the Rudomin Family had to go through and it makes us see how humans can become ?monsters? and performs such horrible and outrageous things such as massive murders. Another book that illustrates the calamity of the Holocaust is Memories of my life in a Polish Village, by T.K. Fluek. In her book, Toby Fluek, a small Jewish girl, describes how her family had to move to a Jewish Ghetto and go into hiding several times to save their lives when World War II began. By the end of the war, only she and her mother had survived. Toby became an artist and presents her story through the use of her own art in paintings and descriptions of them. It is amazing to hear from the people who have actually survived the Holocaust. It shows us how much we still have to learn about the world and the civilizations and how hard it is to understand the reason why we do such things to our fellow human beings. ?By 1945, two out of every three European Jews had been killed and the survivors continued to be oppressed.? (Telles 51) In addition, thousands of political and religious dissidents such as communists, socialists, trade unionists, and Jehovahs Witnesses were persecuted for their beliefs and behavior and many of these individuals died as a result of maltreatment. According to the Preface to the Study of Women and the Holocaust, ?every Jew, regardless of gender, was equally a victim in the Holocaust? (Ringelheim 17). Women, men and children were equally threatening to the Nazis. Children were seen as ?the next generation of Jews? and, therefore, would have to be banned too. ?Jewish women and men experienced unrelieved suffering during the Holocaust? and we can understand it better by reading the books that survivors of that horror wrote, sharing with us all they went through (Ringelheim 26). .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c , .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c .postImageUrl , .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c , .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c:hover , .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c:visited , .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c:active { border:0!important; } .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c:active , .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud6102326bda434d7884a02394d60b30c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Childhood Memories EssayHowever, understanding should not be enough! We must be aware of all the hardship, misery and pain that the victims of the holocaust had to endure. We have to imagine what it was like and how bad it would be if something of such impact would be happening to us. Only by doing so we can prevent things like this from happening again. For example, the American Slavery and the genocide of Native American Slaves were also events of great anguish that happened in our society and that have some aspects that can be related to the Holocaust, such as the belief of a superior race and so on. In conclusion, I believe that everyone needs to understand how the Holocaust came about; to understand the millions of people who were made victims by it and the legacy it has left the world. It is up to those of us who follow to remember and to help prevent such terrible tragedies from happening again. BibliographyAnnotated BibliographyHautzig, Esther (Poland). The Endless Steppe. New York: Harper Collins, 1968. The Endless Steppe is the story of the Rudomin family as seen through the eyes of teenage Esther. The family members are Polish Jews deported to Russia with only their unfailing courage to carry them through five years of exile, hunger, and privation, providing an insight into the agonies known to all refugees. Fluek, T. K. (1990). Memories of my Life in a Polish Village: From 1930 to 1949. New York: Alfred Knopf. This is the story of Toby Fluek, who was a small Jewish girl growing up in Poland when World War II began. She and her family were moved to a Jewish ghetto in Czernica and went into hiding several times to save their lives. By the end of the war, only she and her mother had survived. Toby became an artist and presents her story through the use of her own art in paintings and descriptions of them. This book can be related to The Endless Steppe because they are both about a family struggling to survive the Holocaust and its terrifying consequences. Ringelheim, Joan. Preface to the Study of Women and the Holocaust. Washington, D.C.: Contemporary Jewry v. 17-26, 1996. http://www.interlog.com/~mighty/ This website was dedicated to a study by Joan Ringelheim on how women were treated during the Holocaust. It shows that gender was not an issue that concerned the Nazis. Everybody was equal. This article can be related to The Endless Steppe because it talks about how the women and the children were treated and seen by the Nazis. It reminds us of the kind of treatment Esther was receiving: the same as everyone elses. Friedman, Henry. Im no hero: Journeys of a Holocaust Survivor. Washington, 2000. Im no Hero shows what the Holocaust did to Friedman and his family as they learned to live again, homeless, unwelcome in their own country, having lost the rest of their family, and trying to find a place to begin again. This book perfectly relates to The Endless Steppe because they both show how the families are trying to find ways for survival during the difficult times they are going through. Friedrich, Hans Peter Richter. Puffin, 1987. New York, 1993This is a story of two friends representing two different families. This book shows the complete destruction of one Jewish family, and in doing so, brings home to the reader the tragedy and horror of the Nazi persecution of the Jews. This book can be related to The Endless Steppe because it concentrates on a young boy and how he manages to survive the Holocaust just like Esther did. Novick, Peter. Holocaust in American Life, The (Book). Virginia: Virginia Quarterly Review, Summer 2000. .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311 , .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311 .postImageUrl , .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311 , .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311:hover , .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311:visited , .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311:active { border:0!important; } .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311:active , .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311 .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6c4d0f128f8d1e0e67f6a0f6a34bd311:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Essay about Cyber Security as an International Security Threat EssayThe Holocaust in American Life in an investigation of the development of the Holocaust as a ?central moral symbol of American moral and political imagination.?This book relates to The Endless Steppe because it questions how we see the holocaust nowadays and Hautzig also makes us wonder about different aspects of the holocaust in her book. Telles, Carlos Queir?s. (1972). Toda a Hist?riaS?o Paulo: ?tica. This is a general history book that has a very extensive chapter on the Holocaust and its consequences. This book can be related to The Endless Steppe because it describes events happening before, during and after the Holocaust. It also shows us how the people involved in those tragedies suffered and how the history turned out after that. History Reports

Mary Magdalene Christian Work of Early Women of the Church

The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Bush doctrine essay part 2Essay Writing Service

The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Bush doctrine essay part 2Essay Writing Service The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Bush doctrine essay part 2 The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Bush doctrine essay part 2The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Bush doctrine essay part  1The Major Weaknesses of the Bush Doctrine  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Bush Doctrine is criticized for its weaknesses. Although the Bush Doctrine is aimed at the sort of the democratic peace worldwide, there is some negative aspect of this approach because â€Å"the Bush Doctrine holds that aggressive democratizing wars can be fought in order to spread democracy and bring about the democratic peace† (Fiala, 2008, p.11). This fact means that wars are considered to be the major tool for the establishment of the democratic peace worldwide. Many researchers suggest that the Bush Doctrine contributed to the creation of the so-called â€Å"just war myth†, which is used in political life, encouraging the established American military traditions and encouraging people to think that â€Å"wars are noble adventures that produce good ou tcomes†(Fiala, 2008, p.11). However, in real life, wars are considered to be horrible events, which lead to deaths and sufferings. The Bush Doctrine is focused on offensive policy rather than a defensive one. According to researchers, the Bush Doctrine defines the US right to start wars as the legitimate right to provide national security, although it is focused on war actions (Fiala, 2008; Jervis, 2003).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Besides, many critics of the Bush Doctrine argue that it represents a highly ambitious conception of the U.S. foreign policy, which may cause damage to American society (Jervis, 2003). Researchers are based on the idea that the Bush Doctrine creates a â€Å"period of great threat and great opportunity†, because the doctrine’s principles call not only for the assertion of American power, but also for the expansion of American power, establishing hegemony in the   in world of political economy (Jervis, 2003). Robert Je rvis (2003) believes that the assertion and expansion of American power is not likely to succeed at the global level.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In addition, the Bush Doctrine is unsustainable. Robert Jervis states that despite some successes of the Bush Doctrine, it cannot be fully sustained because it generates a number of serious internal contradictions. The Bush Doctrine requires establishing a more sustained and more effective domestic support than is possible under such conditions (Duncan et al., 2008). It becomes clear that the Bush Doctrine makes demands on intelligence in the U.S context, placing too much faith in democracy and democratic principles. Thus, it appears to be overly ambitious, focusing on the addressing many complex issues. Robert Jervis argues that it will rather difficult to â€Å"construct a replacement foreign policy† (Jervis, 2005, p.370).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Moreover, the Bush Doctrine is criticized by cons ervatives on two fundamental grounds, including the lack of assertiveness in its implementation and the failure to anticipate and effectively address the post-Saddam occupation. Conservatives criticize the Bush Administration for letting â€Å"Syria and Iran get away with encouraging terrorist infiltration into Iraq†(Renshon, 2010, p. 28). As the Bush Doctrine is recognized as a set of various strategic premises of the U.S. government to establish peace in the world, it provides different approaches to dealing with the so-called â€Å"axis of evil†, including three aggressive states Iran, Iraq and North Korea. Stanley A. Renshon (2010) suggests that â€Å"critics point to the different treatment these states received as evidence of the Doctrine’s inconsistency† (p. 29).   Iran, Iraq and North Korea are dictatorships, which cannot be explained by the Bush Doctrine because of confusion about the key elements of it.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã ‚   In fact, there are many examples that demonstrate the failures of the Bush Doctrine. These examples prove the limits of American power at the global level. According to critics of the Bush Doctrine, this policy â€Å"disrupts the balance of power by advocating that the United States use its military force unilaterally and preventively without international support for military action†(Duncan et al., 2008, p. 154).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Furthermore, the Bush Doctrine provides vague policy on the war on terrorism. According to this policy, terrorism is represented as a method that refers to the implementation of the military strategy at the global level (Duncan et al., 2008).   The enemy is defined based on ideology. According to researchers, â€Å"the adversary is a worldwide radical Islamic insurgency comprising ideological Islamic militants, not an enemy, called â€Å"terrorism† (Duncan et al., 2008, p. 154). Besides, the Bush Doctrine vio lates the established and accepted international obligations, international treaties, which guarantee peace. Actually, the United States failed to gain international acceptance of this doctrine. The United States advocated preventive military attacks, as well as unilateral action, without international support (Duncan et al., 2008).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the vague examples of the Bush Doctrine that can be assessed as a failure of the doctrine is â€Å"justification of the U.S. attack and occupation of Iraq, which has dramatically alienated Muslims across the globe and decentralized the world† (Duncan et al., 2008, p. 154). As a result, the Bush Doctrine failed to organize and promote the unification of the international community to address and fight radical Islamism (Bonyanian, 2009). Many countries of the Muslim world have developed the so-called anti-US policy of sentimentalism (Yasmeen, 2006; Duncan et al., 2008). Anti-Muslim biases presented in the doctrine violate the established international relations (Yasmeen, 2006). Many critics would agree that the U.S occupation of Afghanistan is a part of the U.S. foreign policy that is directed on the neutralization of Muslim states across the globe. The Bush Doctrine confuses terrorism with the struggle for freedom (Yasmeen, 2006). The response of the international community to the U.S. invasion of Iraq was negative because it provided a critique of the Bush Doctrine. The U.S. was accused of the unilateral use of preemption (Weaver, 2009).Conclusion  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thus, it is necessary to conclude that the Bush Doctrine has been developed as a new policy to provide support to the U.S right to engage in preemptive war against both terrorist groups and rough states that produce weapons of mass destruction, assisting terrorists. The Bush Doctrine is portrayed by the National Security Strategy as a logical continuation of the widely accepted Cold War s trategy of nuclear deterrence, which is closely connected with emerging threats of spreading terrorism. The Bush Doctrine has both strengths and weaknesses. In general, the Bush Doctrine is focused on promoting democracy, attacking the states that support terrorists and implementing preemptive strikes that contribute to the future of American foreign policy and national defense policy. However, the Bush Doctrine violates a set of accepted international obligations, international treaties, which guarantee peace globally. As a result, the Bush Doctrine has led to development of anti-Americanism in the Muslim world that comes from the increased U.S. violence.

Ethical issues in Health Care Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethical issues in Health Care Management - Essay Example That is why it his essay I will try to present some of the healthcare issued, which I believe are of crucial importance for the functions of the healthcare system as such. It is not only advisable, but it is rather mandatory for every healthcare organization to have its own codes of ethics complying with the general ethics, procedures and policies in view of the culture and worldwide health standards. Pozgar, Santucci and Pinnella (2009) advise that designing internal written policies on ethical decision making is in the interest of all involved parties from patients, family members, the organizations providing the healthcare services, to community centers and caregivers. Having an internal ethical manual will protect both the institution and the patient and is an ideal source when ethical dilemmas occur. Many healthcare professionals face situations today, when they have to refer to previous similar cases to seek adequate advice. Ethical dilemmas in day to day operations in healthcare organizations engage researchers and managers to seek relevant case studies to learn from. Both management and medical research try to create a list of ethical issues in healthcare industry as a guidance to constructively address and handle. I think one of the most biting ethical issues in healthcare management is how to protect personal data and information about patients. Pozgar, Santucci and Pinnella (2009) explain various case studies as an example of how breach of private details can involve both the institutions and the patient into a circle of legal actions and problems. The book discusses and prepares healthcare specialists about the legal realities of ethical issues. Managers should identify and evaluate for themselves the correct and incorrect courses of actions. Preferably, for the organization’s sake the manager should have some legal background knowledge, especially when faced with complex legal dilemma. The last two – three

Assignmnet for marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Assignmnet for marketing - Essay Example cow being a sacred animal, he began to communicate well with them. 2. Todd could not adjust into Indian environment initially due to which he could not bring the success rate of call centre i.e. Minutes per incident rate, to the desired standard. However, the incident of Holi helped him understand Indian values (Outsourced, 2007). Once, he stopped resisting Indian norms and values, provided appropriate rewards to his employees and shared his success with others, things became easier for him. The movie also managed to illustrate that respect helped Todd gain support of his team members and also of other people that he encountered during his stay in India. For example, Todd encountered a difficult situation when his supervisor comes to assess the performance and due to poor infrastructure, the whole building is flooded (Outsourced, 2007). With the help of his staff, he manages to demonstrate exceptional managerial skills. Also, the children on the streets decorating his cell phone also shows that mutual respect is important for people to have a stren gthen relationship. 3. Todd tried correcting Puru various times however he later on realized that Puru is not much aware of American accent and correcting him every time will not help him. Furthermore, he was also very reluctant to be part of this new change that was imposed on him and wanted to invest little effort in every aspect of this new life. That is why he did not even try correcting his landlady when she called him ‘Toad’ (Outsourced, 2007). 4. The movie projects an idea that all human beings have basic needs and motivations despite belonging to different cultures. This notion was supported by the scene where call centre staff shared their queries with Todd if they can purchase some of the products that they have been selling to American consumers. Knowing that, Todd was amazed at

Smart phones Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Smart phones - Research Paper Example Also, the process was slow and, in particular, the previous management of information systems where most organizations had fewer computers used to retrieve and store information. In addition, the process of sharing information prior to the advent of smartphones was challenging because workers had to take notes from their seniors who sometimes are fast or not audible. However, smartphones bring flexibility and efficiency at the workplace that can help the organization to improve the speed of sharing information and ensuring projects are completed on time (Baltzan, Detlor, & Welsh, 2012). This paper examines how smartphones help to enhance the management of information systems. The widespread use of smartphones in the office environment as a medium for accessing, sharing and using information is influenced by the need to hasten the communication of vital information between employees in an organization. In a globalized business environment, employees require access to more resources, and this includes vital information that can help them to improve their efficiency and overall performance of the organization. Smartphones are not only portable but also has vital features that can improve the sharing of information between employees in the workplace environment. Such key feature include, for example, voice calling, text, emailing and video conference that has become an important platform where the top management in different geographical location can relay important information to junior staff in other regions across the world. For example, the top management can utilize smartphones for video conferencing since they can communicate important information to w orkers who are million miles away in real time (Carayannis & Clark, 2011). Further, smartphones also have several software applications that are relevant for sharing vital informational

Sociological and Biological Constructs of Health

Sociological and Biological Constructs of Health CONTENTS Introduction1 Section 1 Definition of health and illness-2 Evaluate Sociological and biological constructs of health3 Section 2 Structural patterns in inequality in modern Britain-4 Evaluation of unequal distribution of illness5 Section 3 Factors that reduce the freedom of health care -6 Structures of healthcare service that might affect individuals7 Section 4 Conclusion8 Section 5 Reference-9 Introduction This report aims to understand and analyse the different definitions of health and illness in different perspectives, evaluate them and identify structural patterns in inequality in Modern Britain. It also evaluates unequal distribution of illness from different perspectives among different groups. It identifies problems that might occur in accessing health care among different groups in modern Britain. Finally it evaluates changes in healthcare services and the structures, and how this might affect different groups in the society. DIFINING HEALTH AND ILLNESS The speech â€Å"Beauty lies in the eyes of the beholder,† can be used to define my own version of health and illness as to what our views are about health and illness. For example I view health as been strong and healthy enough to carry out my daily chores, on the contrary inability to achieve it will be blamed on my physical health. So how do people view health and illness? World health organisation (1946) defines health as the mental and physical wellbeing. On the other hand illness will be the defined as lack of mental and physical wellbeing. The biopsychosocial model view health and illness as the interaction between biomedical, social and psychological factors. Biomedical refers to genetic factors such as inherited conditions and physiological changes of individuals, psychologically how we manifest our feelings and thought and socially how we socialise and communicate with persons and group of persons in the society as a whole. The interaction with all of these factors, coupled with cultural differences among different groups of people in Britain will influence the way we view health and illnesses. Holistic model view health and illness by taking into account the whole person, which includes the person’s body, spirit and mind. This mode is much more individualised to the person involved and rarely take into account wider picture and the social and environmental factors that might possibly influence health and illness across various cultures. Biomedical models defines health and illness by using scientific measure to determine if a person is ill or not, as they believe that illness is caused by physical factors, such as physiological changes in the body and inherited genes, in case of mental health causes might be referred to neurotransmitters defect, biochemistry which might be linked to high increase of dopamine to the frontal cortex of the brain and so on. As such blood test, analysis and series of test are carried out to identify the causes and this may enable them to classify the illness and provide appropriate treatment through the use of drugs to control or cure the condition. Biomedical model view human body as a machine, in real sense machines do develop a mechanical fault and will require fixing up. This is how biomedical model view the body, at a point it might break down and require fixing up through surgery or drugs. Sociological model believes that health and illness are caused by factors outside of the physiological changes in the body. This model attributes causes of ill health to poverty and inequality, socio standard of behaviour and communication in the society. Sociological model view health to be socially constructed in the society to control people. They also believe that different factors such as psychological, political, social, economic, biological, and culture and environment influenced the way people view health in the society. Health is not an easy term to define. For some it encompasses mental health, for others physical and mental health are compartmentalized. A perception of health or mental health is not only defined within the medical context, but it is also defined by the patient within a sociocultural context that includes family and social network as well as a wide selection of potential providers. Such definitions may vary from one culture to another, Warwick-Boot (2012). Biomedical models does have some advantages as it enable the medical team to carry out series of medical test to find out any physiological changes. However, scientifically, there has been no expansion of drug innovation, old drugs have been manufactured under different names doing the same thing as previous drugs. This raise concern if these drug manufacturers are neutral to the medical teams. Areas with major health concerns and needs are been neglected and drugs budget have been dramatically reduced due to the poverty conditions of these groups for the fact that they might not make a lot of profit, this refers to the medical professionals as iatrogenesis meaning they are the cause of health problems. The benefit of Sociological model is that it takes into account the factors outside of the physiological changes in the body such as psychological, political, social, economic, biological, culture and environment when viewing health and illness. The down side to it is that way cultures and different groups view health and illness changes over time. For example once homosexuality was viewed as illness and now it is normal in a society. Section 2 Ethnicity According to M. Senior, B Viveash (1998) refers to ethnicity as a way of life, behaviour that one acts on to make a sense of their cultural identity in a particular group in the society as a whole. Movement in and out of Britain have made Britain into more diversified cultural society today, to those who preserved it. Though several ethnic minorities are small, but in some cases there are larger ones in some demographic region like Brent in London. This makes it more obvious for a particular health need to be cared for in an area where ethnic groups are concentrated in. The biological model often refers to the features which makes up the physical look of a person such as their skin colour to classify them into a group. Why the sociologists distinguishes people according to their ethnic groups. The artefact explanations strongly believe that there are specific health and illnesses associated within different ethnic groups. The sociologists have great concern in understanding why some certain health and illnesses are associated with different ethnic groups. Such as Afro-Caribbean linked with high rate of sickle cell anaemia an inherited blood disorder, why the White European have a high rate of haemophilia a disorder that prevents the clotting of blood and might cause someone to bleed to death if quick medical emergency intervention is not carried out on time. Also Asians are associated with high rate of heart diseases and so forth. It is important to examine the way ethnic groups have distributed themselves in the demographic regions of Britain to enable us to account for their numbers in a particular area, whether they are minor or large such as ethnic group in Brent in London, understand some health related issues associated with these specific groups and outline the health care needs of the majority of the local people in the society. Health inequalities exist among different groups. In this case among ethnic groups. Ethnicity and Culture According to Public Health Action Support (2011) there is evidence of documentation within ethnic inequalities in health outcomes in the UK. There are difficulties with the approach and measurement of ethnicity as to what the causes might be as outlined below. Ethnicity is regarded as a fluid concept, because it entails different meanings within different contexts. For example, an individual from Pakistan might consider himself as a Pakistani when filling out a form in the UK surveys, when filling out a form in the US might consider himself Asian. The definition of ethnicity is influenced by historical value and the current social and political context (Bradby, 2003). As definitions of ethnicity changes classifications such as race, skin colour, language, religion, nationality, country of origin, and culture do not change. These have limitations and implications in accessing health. Often reason for research are not clearly stated. Bhopal (1997) claims that ethnicity is a euphemism for race. Review of the literature, Comstock and colleagues (2004) found that researchers failed to differentiate between the concepts of race and ethnicity. Reliability and validity of measurements of ethnicity are huge concern to the society as a whole. Assigned ethnic identities may not match individual identities which threatens the validity of the research. Comparisons over time cannot reflect mixed ethnic identities. Finally classifying people as black, white, or Asian may mask differences associated between different groups of people. Ellison (2005). For the fact Ethnicity is not written on UK death certificates, and mortality data uses country of birth as a proxy, this systems fail to recognise ethnic minorities that are born in the UK. Findings on ethnic inequalities in mortality (Kelly Nazroo, 2008): Caribbean’s born in the UK have high rates of mortality from stroke. Men born in the Caribbean have low rates of mortality from coronary heart disease. Born in West/South Africa you may have high mortality rates from stroke, but low mortality rates from coronary heart disease. If born in South Asia you may have high mortality rates form coronary heart disease and stroke. Non-white individuals may have low mortality rates from respiratory disease and lung cancer, but high mortality rates of diabetes. Table 1: Analyses the rates of mortality by country of origin, England and Wales, 1989-1992. Source: Wild and McKeigue (1997:705) in Bartly (2004) Explanations for ethnic inequalities in health include: Biased results of statistical artefact. Illness are blamed on migrationprocess (change of environment). Genetic and biological differencesbetween ethnic groups may be a factor. It is associated with different culture and health behaviours. Poverty Experiences of various forms of racial abuse leads to health problems. Unequal treatment by the health care system in Britain. Ethnic inequalities in health care access still persist in NHS. The inverse care law, first described by Julian Tudor Hart in 1971, states: The availability of good medical care tends to vary inversely with the need for it in the population served. Goddard and Smith (2001) outline reasons for variations in access to health care: Availability:Some health care services may not be available to some population groups, or clinicians may have different propensities to offer treatment to patients from different population groups, even where they have identical needs. Quality: The quality of services offered to patients may vary between population groups. Costs:The health care services may impose costs (financial or otherwise) which vary between population groups. Information:The health care organisations may fail to ensure that all population groups are equally aware of the services available. The sociological perspectives to illness varies. The functionalism expects a large population to have division of labour as no one is self -sufficient to ensure that the society functions in an orderly manner. They also encourage people to seek and comply with medical advice for speedy recovery so as to return back to work. They understands people have to work, and people do not claim to be ill deliberately and as such should not be punished. This perspective do aim to protect workers from been abused or punished by their employer due to ill health, however they do overstate the importance of the doctors who have the power to make or break a patient which leads to lots of medical errors referred to as iatrogenesis. There could also be dependency on drugs to force people back to work. Marxism examine the economic systems of the capitalist society that shapes the society as a whole. As such the society is divided into two social groups which are the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. Bourgeoisie the private property owners and those that owns the means of production and create bogus profit are believed to have greater influences in the rules of the society. Why the proletariat (labourers), those who work for the bourgeoisie are been manipulated to believe that they are in a fair system. Marxism ideology encourages us to question the motives of the doctors as they intend to serve the rich people of the society. Due to the need to access healthcare and it is made available to the proletariat they have been made to believe that illness is a personal issue rather than socially constructed. Marxism does not acknowledge the the interaction between doctors patient and also they ignore the sickness and employment benefit offered by the capitalist states. Feminism views thinks men dominate the medical professions and make decisions about a woman’s body which affects women. They also feel that lack of understanding of a natural process of childbirth have been labelled to be a medical condition. Exhaustion from a new role as a mum, have also been labelled as depression. They also think why are women contraception over emphasized? And men left out. This explains the inequality and the patriarchy world we are in today. The interactionist views are that individuals attaches meaning to their own behaviour as well as others they also feel illness differ from person one person to person, even when they are diagnosed with the same condition. They are not always in compliance with the medical team that is why a dialogue is needed for mutual agreement between the doctor and the patient. Sometimes the doctors do not come to terms with a patient if they complain of a particular illness, and sometimes doctors label people with illness which affect the psyche of people’s mind and then making them psychosomatic by acting out those symptoms. If we look at post natal depression as an illness diagnosed by a medical team from all of this prospective we can see that the functionist view conforms to this by giving the medical team the power to label this individual, which results to administration of drugs that eventually will become tranquillizers which leads to dependency with much more side effects. From the Marxism point of view people will be brainwashed to accept the fact that they are suffering from this illness due to their personal physiological changes rather than socially constructed issues of the society as a whole. The feminist does not see post natal depression as an illness, rather they feel it is a natural process for a woman to become sore after the birth of a baby as they may have had episiotomy, sore breast, sleepless nights for caring for a new born, instead of labelling it and interrupting a natural process by medication, they feel the patriarchy medical team should understand things better from a womanâ €™s point of view. Finally post natal depression may be viewed as labelling an individual which into may utter their psyche and may begin to manifest the symptoms, they feel labelling someone may actually make them worse off. Can you think of human behaviours or conditions that have recently been mediatised? Think about what makes a person disabled? Write down some physical symptoms and then discuss how these can be ‘enabled’ in our society Section 3 Definitions of Health, Illness and Sickness http://nccc.georgetown.edu/body_mind_spirit/definitions_health_sickness.html __________________________________________ Warwick ____________________________________________________ Michael Senior with Bruce V Health Knowledge Inequalities in the distribution of health and health care http://www.healthknowledge.org.uk/public-health-textbook/medical-sociology-policy-economics/4c-equality-equity-policy/inequalities-distribution. Public Health Action Support 2011

Imagery In Othello :: essays research papers

The function of imagery in the mid-sixteenth century play Othello by William Shakespeare is to aid characterisation and define meaning in the play. The antagonist Iago is defined through many different images, Some being the use of poison and soporifics, sleeping agents, to show his true evil and sadistic nature. Othello’s character is also shaped by much imagery such as the animalistic, black and white, and horse images which indicates his lustful, sexual nature. Characterisation of women is heavily dictated by imagery used to show the patriarchal gender system of the time. Some of this imagery is that of hobbyhorses and the like showing that they, Desdemona and Emelia, were nothing better than common whores. Othello’s view at the start of the play is contradicting of these patriarchal views with Desdemona and Othellos’ true love overcoming these stereotypes and we are told this through imagery of fair warriors and the like. The power of deceit is shown also th rough imagery of spiders and webs, uniforms and other such images. Also the power of jealousy is well defined by imagery. The handkerchief, green-eyed monster and cuckolding imagery are prominent in defining this theme. The satanic character of Iago is depicted well though different types or imagery. His sadist intend is depicted through suffocating imagery â€Å"I’ll pour pestilence into his(Othello’s) ear† (II iii 356) says Iago in a soliloquy in as he is outlining his malicious intent and nature. This continues throughout the play with lines such as â€Å"The Moor already changes with my poison† (III iii 322) and â€Å"Not poppy nor mandragora, | Nor all the drowsy syrups of the world shall medicine thee to that sweet sleep | Which thou did owdest yesterday† (III iii 327-30). His malicious character is likened to a snake through this imagery of poisons like a snake has and then Lodovico calls him a â€Å"Viper† (V ii 281) which indicates how Iago’s character is that of a snake, and in those times a snake was considered a creature of pure evil. The Machiavellian persona of Iago can also be seen through his use of reputation imagery to Cassio and Oth ello. To Cassio he says â€Å"Reputation is an idle and most false imposition† (II iii 267-8) and as a paradox, to Othello, he says reputation is everything to a man and he is nothing with out it. Iago is also likened very much, though imagery, to the Devil.